Archaeological excavation of nearly 10,000 pieces of jade articles

According to statistics, nearly 10,000 jade articles of the Shang Dynasty unearthed from the archaeological excavations were unearthed in the Central Plains. Among them, the early jade wares of Shang Dynasty, represented by Zhengzhou Erligang culture, are in the same vein as Erlitou culture. They are mainly ritual weapons and ceremonial weapons. There are almost no animal-shaped jade carvings. The shape and length of Yuge is this period. Features. The late jade wares of the Shang Dynasty were represented by more than 3,000 pieces of jade unearthed from the Yin Ruins of Anyang. Among them, only 755 pieces were unearthed from the women's tomb, representing the highest achievement of the Shang Dynasty jade.

Archaeological excavation of nearly 10,000 pieces of jade articles

The source of the jade articles of Shang Dynasty is very complicated. According to the visual inspection, the jade articles unearthed from the Yin Ruins may be from the Xinjiang area except for a few parts of the warm and pure color of the tremolite. Most of the jade materials should come from the jade mines around the Central Plains such as Nanyang Dushan. . The colors of jade are mainly green and blue, and some are yellowish brown and white. Large-sized large pieces and oversized jade carvings are more common in white marble.

The merchants of the Shang Dynasty are rich in variety, including rituals, weapons (ceremonies), decorations, tools, household appliances and miscellaneous devices. There are rituals, cymbals, rings, guilds, cymbals, etc.; weapons (ceremonies) have gems, spears, cymbals, cymbals, etc.; decorations include cymbals, bracelets, cymbals, pendants, beaded beads, and various animal sculptures, reliefs, and Geometric jade ornaments, etc.; tools include axe, shovel, hoe, hoe, carving knife, spinning wheel, etc.; life has enamel, enamel, palette, comb, ear spoon and so on. In addition, Yinxu also unearthed a number of jade containers such as oysters, plates, beans and oysters, which are bold and solemn. A white marble jade unearthed from the woman's tomb, with a diameter of 16.8 and a height of 10.8 cm. The body is layered with exquisite carvings, and the main body is decorated with three groups of "Chen" characters and broad noses. This kind of jade container is not only a practical utensil for the feast of the Shang Dynasty, but also a ritual for sacrificing the gods.

The emergence of a group of jade containers is a concentrated expression of the skill of the Shang Dynasty. The common techniques of carving and embossing in the Shang Dynasty jade, the techniques of hollowing out and engraving, are mostly the continuation of the craft tradition since the late Neolithic period. The jade and the pretty jade of the jade container are unprecedented. New techniques.

The Shang Dynasty jade ornaments are rich and varied, and there are common animal face lines (饕餮 patterns), spiral patterns, deformed moiré patterns, diamond-shaped lines, scales, dragon patterns, herringbone patterns, and the like. The engraved lines are generally more straight than the arc, the thick lines are more than the thin lines, the inscriptions are more than the inscriptions, and the most inscribed lines of the two lines are juxtaposed (commonly known as "double hook lines"). The “double hook line” consciously outlines a “false line” between the two negative lines, which eliminates the monotony of the full use of the Yin line and enhances the aesthetics of the overall pattern. Therefore, the "double hook line" and "Chen" word shape, the contour shape of the rigid square, the silhouette pattern effect, and the solemn visual feeling jointly create the most beautiful era features of the Shang Dynasty jade carving.

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